Vitamin D Deficiency in the UK: What the Evidence Actually Shows
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) is the accepted marker of vitamin D status because it reflects both dietary intake and endogenous synthesis. In the UK's National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2019), 16% of adults were classified as deficient (below 25 nmol/L) — rising to 29% in South Asian adults.